# UV PyPI Mirrors for China — Ranked by Speed & Community Rating

## Top Mirrors Ranked

| Rank | Mirror | URL | Throughput | Latency | Community Rating |
|------|--------|-----|-----------|---------|-----------------|
| 1 | **Tsinghua TUNA** | `https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple` | ~3.3 MB/s | ~500ms | 5/5 — Best sync (15min), 99.9% completeness |
| 2 | **Alibaba Cloud** | `https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/` | ~4.8 MB/s | ~300ms | 4/5 — CDN-backed, most stable for production |
| 3 | **Huawei Cloud** | `https://repo.huaweicloud.com/repository/pypi/simple/` | **~13.6 MB/s** | Unstable | 3/5 — Fastest throughput, but occasional timeouts |
| 4 | **USTC** | `https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/` | ~0.7 MB/s | **~136ms** | 4/5 — Lowest latency, 99.9% completeness |
| 5 | **Tencent Cloud** | `https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple/` | Medium | ~1253ms | 4/5 — Good in South China |
| 6 | **Douban** | `https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/` | Medium | Low | 4/5 — Aging, some outdated packages |
| 7 | **NetEase** | `https://mirrors.163.com/pypi/simple/` | ~3.0 MB/s | Medium | 3/5 — Good in North China |
| 8 | **Volcano Engine** | `https://mirrors.volces.com/pypi/simple/` | Unknown | Unknown | New (ByteDance) |
| 9 | **BFSU** | `https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple/` | Similar to TUNA | Medium | Shares TUNA backend |
| 10 | **SJTU** | `https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple/` | Medium | Medium | Good in East China |

## Community Consensus

- **Tsinghua TUNA** — Most recommended overall. 15-min sync frequency, near-complete package coverage. The default recommendation on Zhihu, CSDN, and V2EX.
- **Alibaba Cloud** — Best for production/commercial use. CDN edge nodes across China give stable speeds nationwide. Fastest in benchmarks that tested from Alibaba's own infrastructure.
- **Huawei Cloud** — Highest raw throughput in one benchmark (~13.6 MB/s), but unreliable — timed out in latency tests.
- **USTC** — Lowest latency (~136ms), but lower throughput. Best for metadata-heavy operations.
- **Regional picks**: South China → Tencent/Alibaba; North China → NetEase/Baidu; East China → Douban/SJTU.

## How to Configure UV

**Important**: UV does NOT read `~/.pip/pip.conf`. You must configure it separately.

### Option 1: Environment Variables (recommended)

Add to `~/.zshrc`:

```bash
export UV_DEFAULT_INDEX="https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/"
export UV_INDEX="https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple https://pypi.org/simple"
export UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_MIRROR="https://gh-proxy.com/github.com/indygreg/python-build-standalone/releases/download"
```

### Option 2: Global Config File

Create `~/.config/uv/uv.toml`:

```toml
[[index]]
url = "https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/"
default = true
```

### Option 3: Project-Level pyproject.toml

```toml
[[tool.uv.index]]
url = "https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/"
default = true
```

### Option 4: One-off Command Line

```bash
uv pip install numpy --default-index https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
uv add requests --default-index https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
```

## Python Installation Mirror

`uv python install` downloads from GitHub (blocked/slow in China). Set `UV_PYTHON_INSTALL_MIRROR` to a proxy, or use CERNET's mirror at `https://mirrors.cernet.edu.cn/list/python-build-standalone`.

## Speed Benchmarks

### Latency Test (cnpip tool)

| Mirror | Latency |
|--------|---------|
| USTC | 135.71 ms |
| Alibaba Cloud | 300.77 ms |
| Tsinghua TUNA | 499.51 ms |
| Default PyPI | 1252.75 ms |
| Tencent Cloud | ~1253 ms |
| Huawei Cloud | Timeout |

### Download Throughput (1,014 MB package install, China Telecom)

| Mirror | Test 1 | Test 2 | Test 3 | Average |
|--------|--------|--------|--------|---------|
| Huawei Cloud | 12.0 MB/s | 15.8 MB/s | 13.1 MB/s | ~13.6 MB/s |
| Alibaba Cloud | 5.8 MB/s | 2.6 MB/s | 5.9 MB/s | ~4.8 MB/s |
| Tsinghua TUNA | 8.2 MB/s | 0.5 MB/s | 1.1 MB/s | ~3.3 MB/s |
| NetEase | 2.3 MB/s | 5.5 MB/s | 1.3 MB/s | ~3.0 MB/s |
| USTC | 0.4 MB/s | 1.0 MB/s | 0.7 MB/s | ~0.7 MB/s |

## Verdict

**Tsinghua + Alibaba as primary/fallback** is the safest combo for most users in China. Test from your specific location with [cnpip](https://github.com/caoergou/cnpip) for personalized results, since speed varies heavily by ISP and region.

## Sources

- [CSDN: UV mirror configuration guide](https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41472205/article/details/145686414)
- [Zhihu: UV mirror acceleration](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/1930714592423703026)
- [V2EX: UV domestic mirror discussion](https://www.v2ex.com/t/1095023)
- [CSDN: PyPI mirror speed test](https://blog.csdn.net/a496298685/article/details/144198111)
- [CSDN: 8 PyPI mirror comparison](https://blog.csdn.net/2501_93878733/article/details/153830591)
- [GitHub: UV Issue #6925](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/6925)
- [GitHub: UV Issue #9048](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/issues/9048)
- [GitHub: cnpip speed tester](https://github.com/caoergou/cnpip)